Apolinario Mabini Biography – Apolinario Mabini was a Filipino revolutionary, educator, lawyer, and statesman who played a crucial role in the Philippines’ struggle for independence. Despite being physically disabled due to polio, he became a leading figure in the revolution against Spanish and American colonial rule. Often called the “Brain of the Revolution” (Utak ng Himagsikan), Mabini was instrumental in shaping the country’s governance and legal framework. Sadly, he passed away from cholera at the age of 38.
This article explores the life, achievements, and tragic death of Apolinario Mabini.
Apolinario Mabini Biography
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Apolinario Mabini y Maranan |
| Date of Birth | July 23, 1864 |
| Date of Death | May 13, 1903 |
| Age at Death | 38 years old |
| Nationality | Filipino |
| Profession | Revolutionary, Lawyer, Statesman |
| Nickname | Katabay |
| Known As | Brain of the Revolution |
| Cause of Death | Cholera |
Early Life and Education
Apolinario Mabini was born on July 23, 1864, in the Philippines. He came from a humble background and was determined to pursue education despite financial struggles. He studied at Colegio de San Juan de Letran and later at Universidad de Santo Tomás, where he trained as a lawyer.
Battle Against Disability
Shortly before the Philippine Revolution of 1896, Mabini was struck by polio, which left him paralyzed from the waist down. Despite his physical condition, he continued to contribute intellectually to the revolution.
Role in the Philippine Revolution
Mabini became the chief legal and constitutional adviser to Emilio Aguinaldo. He played a significant role in establishing the revolutionary government and drafting key documents, including El Verdadero Decálogo (The True Decalogue) and Programa Constitucional de la República Filipina (The Constitutional Program of the Philippine Republic).
His Works and Writings
- El Verdadero Decálogo (1898) – A guide to ethical governance.
- Programa Constitucional de la República Filipina (1898) – Helped in shaping the Malolos Constitution.
His ideas heavily influenced the formation of the First Philippine Republic.
The First Prime Minister of the Philippines
Mabini served as the First Prime Minister of the Philippines, ensuring that Aguinaldo’s government was based on legal and democratic principles.
Confrontation with American Rule
When the Philippine-American War began, Mabini strongly opposed American colonial rule. His refusal to cooperate with the new regime led to his arrest and eventual exile.
Exile to Guam
In 1901, the American authorities exiled him to Guam due to his continued resistance. He was allowed to return to the Philippines only in 1903, but his health had already deteriorated.
Return and Death
Mabini returned to the Philippines in February 1903, but he succumbed to cholera on May 13, 1903, at the age of 38.
Legacy and Influence
Despite his early death, Mabini’s influence remains significant in the Philippines’ fight for independence. His writings continue to inspire leaders and students.
Interesting Facts About Mabini
- He wrote some of the most important political documents of the revolution.
- He was paralyzed but still led a revolutionary movement.
- Exiled to Guam by the Americans.
- Died at the young age of 38.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. Who was Apolinario Mabini?
Apolinario Mabini was a Filipino revolutionary, lawyer, and statesman known as the “Brain of the Revolution.”
2. What was the cause of Apolinario Mabini’s death?
He died of cholera on May 13, 1903.
3. What was Apolinario Mabini’s nickname?
He was known as “Katabay.”
4. Why was Apolinario Mabini called the “Brain of the Revolution”?
He provided legal and strategic guidance to the Philippine Revolution and was a key figure in the country’s fight for independence.
5. Where was Apolinario Mabini exiled?
He was exiled to Guam by American authorities in 1901.
Apolinario Mabini’s legacy continues to shape the Philippines, proving that even with physical limitations, one can still change history.
